Actually there are several differences. Best bet is to check on the Savage website. Model 10 comes in short action (the 110 is a long action). The Model 10 is more of a hunting rifle and has a blued barrel. The Model 12 is also a blued action though there is a stainless version (different model # though) available. Model 12 series also has a heavy target barrel. I have one of each and they are great, particularly the 12FV with the Accutrigger which I really like.