in some 50 years of river fishing my best bait was.
A Nightcrawlers. I prefer a smaller hook, size 4 but I do go both ways from there. Half a nightcrawler on a small hook is a mighty tempting meal for most fish that live in the river. Catfish, carp, Redhorse, Suckers, white bass, rock bass, creek chubs, walleye I've caught them all.
B For big channels its hard to beat cut bait. Prefered fish is a goldeye or sucker, possibly a small carp.
Open it up down the back and let the blood flow and pool there. Then cut 1 to 2 inch wide strips 2-4 inches long. Scale or not your choice.
We can't use bluegills as bait up here. They are a game fish. They are one of my favorites to eat.
C I have never had a doughball bait that worked well, until this year.
Half a package of strawberry Jello, Cup of boiling water. Add the jello, mix well, add half cup of cornmeal. It will basicly make it into cornmeal mush.
Then start working in half a cup of flour. I added a shot of Karo Syrup as sweetener. Grab a piece of parchment paper. Turn it out of the pot onto the paper and use the paper to kneed it well. Fold it flatten it fold it again a different direction, flatten it again. Keep working it till it is consistent color and consistancy.
I put mine in a small container with a snap on lid. Pull off a pinch bigger than a marble. Roll it around my hands to warm it up then mold it around my hook so no part of the hook is showing. Mend any tears or breaks you see then plop er into a good spot.
I've had all kinds of action on that. Did not always hook up but that is fishing.