Lots of question there. For your bow its about your draw length, different ways to figure that. Take a tape measure and measure from your chest out with your arms out straight palms together, measure to the fingertips, that should be close enough to get started on arrow length. You can fine tune later. Your going to want properly spined arrows for your length. For your 56# bow your looking at arrows in the 60 to 65lbs spine most likely for wood, for carbon different brands have different systems. Gold Tip 55-75 will be good, other brands 400's or 350s. For aluminum go look at the charts I don't remember anymore. Most arrows come full length and have to be cut, sometimes I just go full length until I decide I'm going with more arrows of that kind. You don't want to undercut your length.
For your wife I wouldn't go over 40lbs. How much archery has she done? I'd really start her at 30 or 35 lbs and go from there. You want to develop good form and habits. Make it easy and enjoyable, for target shooting you don't need anything more.
I see some famlies buying Gensis bow for tying out and fun, you could go the takedown ILF style recurve with interchangable limbs, you only need one set of limbs but if you want to change limbs its easy and cheaper than a whole bow. Samick makes some decent entry level bows. Again proper length and spined arrows for your wife are going to be important. DONT OVERBOW a newcomer to archery! Bad form and habits will result in lack of accuracy and frustration.
If your looking at old bows look for Indian Archery bow between 30 and 40lbs, some good York bows out there, some Ben Pearsons at lower poundages, Shakespear, and of course Bear if you can find the lower weights. Look for twisted limbs and delaminated bows that have been reglued. Don't buy those.
Remember look at the weight at the draw length mostly experessed something like
45#@28 thats 45lbs of weight at 28inch draw. I dought your wife will draw 28 inches. One problem with women using bows with a ## at 28inches is while they certainly don't draw the full weight at their draw length, they also don't get the full performance of the limbs cause they never get the limbs back far enough. Thus poor performance, accuracy, frustration etc.
I always suggest getting a woman a bow that is a good draw weight for her draw length for best performance.
Target butts are all over the place, saunders and a few others make the big round ones, square and rectangel layer foam ones are popular, several other types out there. Alot depends on where your going to be shooting and the weather the target butts are going to be in.
The archery in the schools program targets and joad style targets can be found too.
Check out Lancaster Archery, Three Rivers Archery, KustomKing Archery, even FS Discout Archery
Hope that gives you some info to get started!
