Dan is correct on this one. I've taken uncounted jackrabbits, a couple of turkeys, and a couple of foxes and performance on these has been spectacular. The problem with larger game comes with the lack of a heavier projectile for penetration of heavier bone and muscle. Also, the round ball looses mementum quickly. When you try to load something like 45 Colt bullets in these pieces velocity drops to unacceptable levels. As Dan said, small deer at 20-30 yards are in real danger, but longer ranges, larger deer, and less than perfect shot opportunities are out.