I posted on this subject a while back, and got torn a new one. Octane rating is the speed at which a fuel burns. The higher the octane- the slower it burns. If too low an octane rating fuel is used it will pre-ignite, also known as detonation, or knock. Engines are timed to fire the spark at a certain degree before the piston reaches TDC (top dead center) so that maximum cylinder pressure occurs just as the piston starts moving downward on the power stroke. Too high an octane rating- maximum cyl pressure occurs when the piston is already moving down in the bore= wasted power. The opposite happens when fuel is used that has an octane rating too low. The fuel either burns too quickly (detonation), or preignites (knock), both of which rob power, and kill your engine. Detonation and preignition are actually two different things. Preignition occurs when the compressed air in the cylinder gets hot enough that it makes the fuel burn before the spark plug fires,(as in a diesel engine) while detonation is the fuel actually detonates instead of burning rapidly. The best bet is to follow run what the manufacturer specifies if your motor is stock. If modified, then FOLLOW the engine builders recommendations. The bad thing about air-cooled engines is that what works here in minnesota won't work in arizona, etc.
P.S. (didn't we get on this subject in "colors...."?
P.P.S. (I still remember one exes bust size-whoweeee!)