A few years ago when I went into Long Range hunting I looked at the .338 Lapua in an AR 30, by Armalite. Was unable to purchase one due to them all going from the factory to the big sand box. So I started looking at ballistics of other cartridges.
.338 Remington Ultra mag, 250gr bullet 2860fps, 4540 ft pds energy
.338 Lapua Magnum, 250gr bullet 2855fps, 4525 ft pds energy
.338/378 Weatherby, 250gr bullet 3009tps, 5030 ft pds energy
I went with the Weatherby. I am loading 250 gr Nosler Accubond, in front of IMR 7828. My loads exceed the maximum in the Nosler book. I get 3210fps. The bullet first crosses the line of sight at 110 yards, it then comes back down at 425 yards. It's highest point in the arch is 4" at 300 yards. In other words I am sighted in to be dead on at 420 yards. Beyond that I dial my scope.
To date: One Moose at 787 yards. One shot, the Moose flinched, spread it's legs and stood for about 10 seconds, then fell. Same reaction I get when using my .338 Win Mag at 80 yards.
While I love my handi 30-06, it's only good out to 500 yards. Oh I can hit things beyond that, but it does not have the energy for a clean kill beyond 500 yards on anything bigger than a Marmot (ground hog).