this is a huge subject , what is your question?.. first thing is that the quality of the gun is very important.. cheap single shot flintguns and hunting for many hours and haveing the gun go pppphhhhhffffft.. is a bummer.. a good gun usually wont cheat you.. if you want to learn how to wing shoot with a flinter i would like to tell you it took me two years to get it down, but with help it could be shortened.. for turkey, patterning is extreemly important, and getting within range, which is about half of a choked guns range.. the black poweder muzzeloader can get very close to modern power loads,, getting a choked flintlock is another mattere.. all this can be overcome whith loading tecknique, hunting tecknique and or a choke added.. when most chokes are added to a fine flintlock smoothbore youve preetty much ruined your patch and ball possibilities.. years ago the great man listed above bob spenser, taught me very much about shotgunning for birds.. and he will be able to give much insight on his page , i dontknow if he does it personally any more or not.. i can help you if you wish.. if you dont hear from me here again email me at ffffgdave@yahoo.com dave...