Michigan has some weird game laws though. For instance, in the Upper Peninsula you can use any firearm but a rimfire to take deer. There is no list of prohibited cartriges. From about the middle of the lower peninsula on down you need to use a shotgun, muzzle loader, or handgun. The handgun must be .35 caliber and IIRC capable of 600 FtLbs of energy. In the U.P. you can use a .25 auto if you want and it is totally legal, not that anybody does it.
In the UP you buy a $15 small game license and you can hunt squirrel, rabbit, pheasants in Menominee County only, grouse, and coyote and other furbearers and varmints. For another $4 plus the cost of the federal waterfowl stamp you can hunt ducks, geese, and other waterfowl and migratory birds.
To hunt turkey you need to enter a lottery for a license.
Deer buck licenses for residents are $15 I believe. You can use that one license in any season for a buck. There are also combo licenses which can get confusing. On a combo, you can take a buck over 3 points to a side, I believe, with the first one, then use the other on a doe, or somehow on another buck. I never get the combo, but it is cheaper to get it if you trophy hunt and hunt for meat, and you understand the restrictions.
Land owners can buy one land owner doe permit per day from august until they run out for the county (Deer Management Unit) in which they own private property. The permit costs $10 and can be used in any season.
Bear permits are on a lottery and hard to get. PETA members put in for the lottery and then burn their licenses.
In the Lower Peninsula ther are some very small lotteries for elk hunts. I don't know for sure, but I think less than a thousand permits are issued each year.
The deer are plentiful up here, but run small on rack size. In body size they compare to other agricultural areas with harsh winters. We probably run weight wise a little lower than Iowa or the Dakotas where there are crops as far as the eye can see. Our deer survive over the winter on cedar browse.