I did a LOT of research on this subject when I bought a Marlin 1894c, and the name Jerry Lester kept popping up. An experienced deer hunter who really liked the .357mag for deer. I think he used to post on this site, couldn't find a post using the search function...Anyway, he highly recommended the Remington 158 grain JSP for deer hunting. Good velocity, mushrooming, weight retention, all around way better than hollow points which had a tendency to fragment and bounce around inside the deer vs straight line bone crunching/vitals wrecking power. If I may, here is a post by Jerry Lester from Marlin Owners.com:.357 for Whitetail:
Like the others said, the 357 magnum in a rifle, or revolver is perfectly suited for short range deer hunting. I've killed 9 with my 357 Blackhawk, and I've killed considerably

more than that with a 357 rifle.
I could write a very long post here about all the different bullet/load combo's I've killed them with that worked from so-so great, but honestly, you'll just need one load.
Like they mentioned above, I'm quite settled on the fact that a tough 158g SP is the hands down best balanced performer on deer sized game. I load the Remington bulk 158g SP's at 1400 fps in my Blackhawk, and around 1700-1800 fps in my rifle. With this combo, you get a maximum range of around 50-60 yards from the revolver, and about 100 yards from the rifle. I've killed them cleanly at ranges of 120-150 yards, but with the loss in velocity, you have to deal with FMJ performance from a tough bullet, or go with a HP for a clean kill, and make certain you get a perfect broadside hit.
The best bet is to use your rifle within the limits it works best in which is up to 100 yards. With a 158g SP(Remingtons are "THE" best), and a starting velocity of around 1700-1800 fps, you'll get great peformance with any reasonably sensible shot angle. Any full house 158g SP factory load like Remingtons, Winchesters, Mag-Tech, etc. will give you plenty of peformance within 100 yards if you're not a handloader.
If you're planning on taking butt shots or other less than normal angles, then the 357 magnum will definately not please you. If you're a hunter who waits for the angles you want, then the 357 will serve you as well as any other caliber you've ever used. My favorite shot is a quartering towards me shoulder shot. I like to take out the facing shoulder, and exit just behind the off shoulder. The 357(with a proper load) will often drop them in their tracks with this shot, and even if it doesn't, you're looking at about a 20-50 yards tracking job at most with a huge blood trail.
Hope this helps... Scott B.